American Indian chief. A typescript of a news article (1874) from the Cherokee Advocate, entitled “A Protest by John Chupco, P. P. Pitchlynn, et al.,” in which Chupco, Pitchlynn, and a number of Indian leaders protest efforts by white men to stop the formation of a ruling general council of Indians for Indian Territory, as provided by the Treaty of 1866, and efforts to extend a federal territorial government over Indian Territory.